1. Image quality comparison:
In this paper, a study evaluating rate-distortion performance between JPEG 2000, AVC/H.264 High 4:4:4 Intra and JPEG XR is reported. A set of ten high definition color images with different spatial resolutions has been used. Both the PSNR and the perceptual MSSIM index were considered as distortion metrics. Results show that, for the material used to carry out the experiments, the overall performance, in terms of compression efficiency, are quite comparable for the three coding approaches, within an average range of ±10% in bitrate variations, and outperforming the conventional JPEG. JPEG 2000 and AVC/H.264 High 4:4:4 Intra Profile can slightly outperform JPEG XR with gains around 0.5~1.7 dB and 0.1~1.2 dB in PSNR respectively, when only considering the luminance component of the image in YUV 4:4:4.
2. Performance comparison:
At the 1080p resolution in raw RGB 4:4:4 mode, H.264 already offers similar performances in peak signal-to-noise ratio with JPEG2000 and JPEG XR. Since the wavelet transform is a global transform (whereas AVC and JPEG XR use block transforms), the memory bandwidth requirements of JPEG2000 far exceed those of AVC and JPEG XR. When tiling is used in JPEG2000 to constrain memory bandwidth (e.g., for 128x128 tiles, 1080p would have 16x8=128 tiles), H.264 HP and JPEG XR may in fact be superior.
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